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Celebrating The Life And Legacy Of Our Soul Sistah, Angie Stone.

Grammy-nominated R&B singer Angie Stone was killed early Saturday in a car crash. She was 63. About 4 a.m., the vehicle she was riding in back to Atlanta from Alabama “flipped over and was subsequently hit by a big rig,” music producer and Stone’s longtime manager Walter Millsap III told The Associated Press in an email.

The Alabama Highway Patrol said in a news release that the 2021 Mercedes-Benz Sprinter van turned over on Interstate 65 about 4:25 a.m. Saturday before being hit by a 2021 Freightliner Cascadia truck driven by a 33-year-old man from Texas. Angie Stone was pronounced dead at the scene, the highway patrol said. The crash was about 5 miles (8 kilometers) south of the Montgomery city limits.

Kicking off Women’s History Month, Black Westchester would like to celebrate the life and legacy of our late sistah, Angie Stone. To be honest, the passing of R&B goddess Angie Stone hit me way harder than I expected. So I wanted to make sure to celebrate her.

Angie Stone, widely recognized for her sultry vocals, actually has deep roots in Hip-Hop. She was a member of The Sequence, an all-female rap trio from Columbia, South Carolina, consisting of Cheryl Cook, known as “Cheryl The Pearl”, Gwendolyn Chisolm, known as “Blondy”, and lead singer and rapper Angie Stone, known as Angie B. The High school friends were originally singers and cheerleaders, the group was inspired to incorporate rapping into their act after hearing King Tim III by the Fatback Band in 1979.

Their big break came when they snuck backstage at Township Auditorium in South Carolina for a SugarHill Gang concert and auditioned for Sylvia Robinson, the founder of SugarHill Records. Impressed by their talent, Robinson, who was the first woman to own a major rap record label, invited them to New Jersey to record, leading to the release of their debut single, Funk You Up (see video below), later that year. The Sequence made history as the first female rap group and the first Southern rap act to release a record. Angie later married labelmate Lil Rodney C of Funky Four + 1, whose real name is Rodney Stone.

Elements of “Funk You Up” were later used by Dr. Dre for his 1995 single “Keep Their Heads Ringin’.” 

Sequence backed Spoonie Gee on the single “Monster Jam” (1980). Their single “Funky Sound (Tear the Roof Off)” (1981) was a remake of the single “Give Up the Funk (Tear the Roof off the Sucker)” (1976) by Parliament. The group’s other charting single was “I Don’t Need Your Love (Part One)” (1982). Angie Stone subsequently became a member of Vertical Hold and later a solo artist.

She also backed up Yonkers native Styles P of The Lox on his A Gangster and a Gentleman album for “Black Magic,” bar none, one of my favorite Rap/R&B collabos. Black Magic is a deep look inside the soul of a man full of contradictions – he sees the pain of his community and realizes he’s contributing to that pain, but knows he has to get that cash somehow. A depiction of the highs and lows of the Black experience and negotiating suffering in search of happiness.

In the early 1990s, she became a member of the R&B trio Vertical Hold. Stone then signed with Arista Records to release her debut solo album Black Diamond (1999), which received a gold certification from the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) and spawned the single “No More Rain (In This Cloud)” (see video below). Stone told me in an early interview for the release of her inaugural disc that the phrase ‘no more rain in this cloud was something her father would say to her when she would ask him for money.’

After transitioning to J Records, she released her second album, Mahogany Soul (2001), which spawned the hit single “Wish I Didn’t Miss You”. It was followed by Stone Love (2004) and The Art of Love & War (2007), her first number-one album on the US Billboard Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart.

Stone ventured into acting in the 2000s, making her film debut in the 2002 comedy film The Hot Chick, and her stage debut in 2003, in the role of Big Mama Morton in the Broadway musical Chicago. She then went on to appear in supporting roles in films and television series as well as several musical productions, including VH1’s Celebrity Fit Club and TV One’s R&B Divas, and movies such as The Fighting Temptations (2003), Pastor Brown (2009), and School Gyrls (2010).

She is remembered for hits like “Baby” with legendary soul singer Betty Wright, another No. 1 hit, and “Wish I Didn’t Miss You” and “Brotha.” One of my personal favorites will always be “Brotha,” (see video below), the second track on Angie Stone’s second album, “Mahogany Soul.”This song expresses how Angie feels about her Black Brothers.

Black brotha, I love ya and I will never try to hurt ya
I want ya to know that I’m here for you, forever true
‘Cause you’re my black brotha
Strong brotha and there is no one above ya
I want ya to know that I’m here for you, forever true

It was written by Stone along with Raphael Saadiq (who also makes a cameo appearance in the music video). The music video for “Brotha”, directed by Chris Robinson, features cameos by Will Smith, Calvin Richardson, Luther Vandross, Sinbad, Avant and Larenz Tate, and it honors male leaders such as Malcolm X, Martin Luther King Jr., Marvin Gaye, Muhammad Ali and Colin Powell.

Brotha was followed by a dope remix featuring Alicia Keys and Eve (see video below). Produced by Stone, Keys, and musician Kerry “Krucial” Brothers, J Records liked the remix so much that it was rushed to include the track on Stone’s album. “Brotha (part 2)” contains a sample of Albert King’s “I’ll Play the Blues for You.”

When Angie received credits on D’Angelo’s debut album Brown Sugar, a ground-breaking landmark in the neo-soul movement—a genre she would soon dominate—she infiltrated many people’s music collections before they even realized who she was.

She is survived by her daughter, Diamond Stone, and son, Michael Archer. Her daughter, Diamond Stone, was born in 1984 from Angie’s marriage to Rodney Stone (also known as Lil’ Rodney C! of the hip-hop group ‘Funky Four Plus One’). Diamond contributed background vocals to Angie’s 2007 song ‘Baby.’ She has two children, making Angie a grandmother in 2008 and again in July 2012. Her son, Michael D’Angelo Archer II, was born in 1998 during Angie’s relationship with neo-soul singer D’Angelo. Michael, also known by his stage name ‘Swayvo Twain,’ has pursued a career in music.

Angie Stone possessed much more than just vocal ability; she is a Hip-Hop pioneer, and she reminded everyone in the video below of a live performance in Amsterdam. She contributed to writing some of the most well-known R&B albums ever. Her ability to make her music feel so intimate was her strength. She may be gone, but thanks to a lengthy catalog, she will forever live on through her music.

Byron Donalds Looks to Make History as the First Black Governor of Florida

In a bold and historic move, U.S. Representative Byron Donalds has officially declared his candidacy for the Florida governorship in the 2026 election. If elected, Donalds would be Florida’s first Black governor, a significant milestone in the state’s political history. His candidacy, supported by solid conservative credentials and an endorsement from former President Donald Trump, sets the stage for a competitive and closely watched race.

Donalds, representing Florida’s 19th Congressional District, has strongly advocated conservative policies since he took office in 2021. His political rise has been rapid, driven by his commitment to limited government, economic growth, and law and order. As a Black Republican, Donalds has established a distinct presence in the political arena, appealing to the party’s traditional base as well as a growing number of minority voters who resonate with conservative values.

His announcement comes at a time when Florida is a significant battleground for national politics. With Governor Ron DeSantis term-limited and unable to run for reelection, the 2026 race is wide open, attracting potential candidates from both major parties. Donald’s early entry into the race and Trump’s endorsement position him as a strong contender for the Republican nomination.

A Historic First for Florida

Despite Florida’s long and diverse history, the state has yet to elect a Black governor. The closest any candidate came was in 2018 when Democrat Andrew Gillum narrowly lost to Ron DeSantis. If Donalds secures the governorship, he will join a short but notable list of Black governors in U.S. history, which includes Douglas Wilder of Virginia and Maryland’s current governor, Wes Moore. Wes Moore is the only Black governor serving in the United States, making Donald’s potential victory even more significant.

Donald’s campaign is expected to concentrate on economic growth, school choice, and public safety—critical issues that resonate with Florida’s voters. His messaging has highlighted his journey from growing up in Brooklyn, New York, to becoming a successful businessman and legislator. He often discusses the significance of family values, individual responsibility, and free-market policies in addressing societal challenges.

Challenges and Opportunities

While Donald has built a strong conservative base, his campaign will encounter significant challenges. Florida’s Republican primary may feature other prominent contenders, including Casey DeSantis, the wife of Governor Ron DeSantis, and former U.S. Representative Matt Gaetz. The Democratic field is also anticipated to be competitive, with potential candidates aiming to reclaim the governor’s mansion after nearly three decades of Republican leadership.

Critics suggest that Donald’s alignment with Trump could be a double-edged sword. While it strengthens his base, it may alienate moderate voters looking for a different direction for the state. Furthermore, his policy positions on issues such as abortion, voting rights, and education will likely face scrutiny as the campaign unfolds.

As the 2026 election season unfolds, Byron Donalds’ bid for governor will be a campaign to watch. His historic candidacy, conservative platform, and potential impact on Florida’s political future make him a formidable contender in the race. Should he succeed, his victory would reshape the state’s leadership and signal a broader shift in the Republican Party’s approach to diversity and outreach.

For now, everyone is focused on Donald as he begins what could be a groundbreaking journey to the governor’s office.

Andrew Cuomo’s Comeback? Former NY Governor Eyes NYC Mayor Race

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In what could be one of the most dramatic political comebacks in recent history, former New York Governor Andrew Cuomo is reportedly considering a run for Mayor of New York City. If he officially enters the race, he will challenge incumbent Mayor Eric Adams and other contenders in what promises to be a fiercely contested election in 2025. Cuomo’s return to politics would reignite debates about his leadership, past controversies, and his ability to navigate a city facing mounting crises.  

Cuomo, once a dominant force in New York politics, resigned in August 2021 amid allegations of sexual misconduct, which he has consistently denied. His departure created significant political pressure. Since leaving office, Cuomo has been quietly working to rebuild his image by launching a podcast, making public appearances, and staying engaged in Democratic political circles. His potential candidacy suggests that he sees an opportunity to return to power at a time when many New Yorkers are dissatisfied with the city’s direction.  

One of Cuomo’s biggest advantages is the growing frustration with Mayor Eric Adams. Many New Yorkers believe that the current administration has failed to address key issues like crime, homelessness, and the ongoing migrant crisis. If Cuomo can position himself as a strong alternative, he might attract voters who feel the city lacks firm leadership. His experience as a three-term governor could appeal to those seeking someone with a proven track record in governance, especially in managing crises like the COVID-19 pandemic, during which his daily briefings and direct approach earned him national attention, despite later controversies over nursing home deaths.  

At the same time, Cuomo faces significant challenges. The allegations that led to his resignation have not been forgotten, and even though he has not faced criminal charges, his opponents would undoubtedly use them against him. The Democratic establishment in New York has largely distanced itself from him, meaning he would likely have to run without the support of key party leaders and major donors. Public perception of his legacy remains a critical factor—while some New Yorkers might welcome his return, others may see him as part of the old political establishment that should step aside for new leadership.  

Despite these hurdles, Cuomo’s potential candidacy should not be dismissed. New York City has a history of political comebacks, and he has the name recognition, fundraising capability, and executive experience to be a strong candidate. If he can persuade voters that he is the leader the city needs, he could reshape the mayoral race and confront his past. The question remains: are New Yorkers ready to give Andrew Cuomo a second chance?

NAACP Mourns the Passing of Decades-Long Leader & Trailblazing Icon Hazel N. Dukes

NEW YORK – Today, the NAACP is mourning the passing of our New York State Conference President and organizational leader, Dr. Hazel N. Dukes. In addition to her role as New York State Conference President, Dr. Dukes was also a member of the NAACP National Board of Directors, the Executive Committee, and an active member of various Board of Directors sub-committees. She also served as President of the Hazel N. Dukes & Associates Consultant Firm and held several leadership positions within her New York community.

NAACP Chairman of the Board Leon W. Russell, NAACP Vice Chair of the Board Karen Boykin Towns, and NAACP President & CEO, Derrick Johnson, released the following joint statement:

“No words can convey the devastation that this loss brings upon us as individuals, and the NAACP as an organization. Dr. Hazel N. Dukes, known to many as ‘Ma’ was a living embodiment of the NAACP. She led with conviction, always put her community first, and stood up to those who tried to bring us down. From leading our National organization to carrying our New York State Conference, serving as a passionate voice on our National Board of Directors, and mentoring our youth, there is no corner of the movement that has been untouched by Dr. Dukes’ legacy. 

“While she may have passed on, hers is a legacy that will outlive us all. The NAACP is proud to have served as a home, and our members and fellow leaders an extended family for a force of nature, and source of light as bright as Dr. Dukes. Our hearts are with the Dukes family as we hold her memory close to our hearts while carrying the torch she lit.”

Dr. Dukes received the Association’s highest honor, the Spingarn Medal, at the 114th National Convention in Boston, Massachusetts. The Medal was presented by Hillary Rodham Clinton, who commended Dr. Dukes for her many decades of service to the people of New York and her dedication to bettering the lives of Black Americans across the country. A full interview from the 114th National Convention can be found below.

A daughter of the South turned Harlem legacy, Hazel was born in Montgomery, Alabama, where her father taught her to question racial segregation, and her community showed her the power of organizing. After her family migrated to New York in the 1940s, Dr. Dukes got heavily involved in the movement for racial equity across healthcare, education, and housing, and was ultimately selected by President Lyndon B. Johnson to the Head Start program. 

Dr. Dukes began her leadership at the NAACP in the 1990s and has been a leading voice in the organization for nearly 40 years, but her list of accomplishments runs long. Most recently, she was given the key to the city by former NYC Mayor Bill de Blasio in 2020 and made history by becoming the first civilian person in the United States to administer the oath of office to a governor – Kathy Hochul. 

Since the announcement of her passing, Black Westchester has reached out to local chapters for quotes, reactions, words of condolences, and memories in honor of the late civil rights icon.

“Today, the Country is better because Hazel Nell Dukes passed through this space. Truly a faint amount, mankind. On a personal note, I have worked directly with and for her for more years than I can remember. While everything about her was fearless, it is her loyalty to the NAACP and me that was up front and center. Dr. Hazel will truly be missed in so many ways. There is a great day of sadness hovering over the New York NAACP State Conference. But Joy will come In The morning!!!!!!” Wilbur T. Aldridge, Mid-Hudson/Wesrchester NAACP Regional Director

“It is with profound sorrow that the Mount Vernon NAACP mourns the passing of Dr. Hazel N. Dukes, a trailblazing civil rights leader, mentor, and fearless advocate for justice. Dr. Dukes dedicated her life to the fight for equality, tirelessly working to uplift marginalized communities and ensure that the principles of justice and fairness were upheld for all. Her impact on the NAACP, both in New York and nationwide, is immeasurable. As a former national president and longtime leader of the New York State Conference, she paved the way for countless activists and inspired generations to continue the struggle for civil rights. Her unwavering commitment to education, healthcare, and economic empowerment has left an indelible mark on our communities. Dr. Dukes was more than a leader—she was a beacon of strength, wisdom, and perseverance. Her voice, always passionate and resolute, reminded us of our collective responsibility to fight for what is right. The Mount Vernon NAACP extends our deepest condolences to her family, friends, and all who were touched by her extraordinary legacy. Though she is no longer with us in body, her spirit and mission will live on through the work we continue in her honor. Rest in power, Dr. Dukes. Your legacy will never be forgotten,” Kathie Brewington, President of Mount Vernon Chapter of NAACP.

“New Rochelle Branch NAACP joins the multitudes of people mourning the loss of our beloved NAACP New York State Conference Chair, Dr. Hazel N. Dukes.  Dr. Dukes devoted her life to the fight for justice and civil rights, and she has had a tremendous impact on this world. We are proud to continue her legacy and send condolences to all who loved her,” Asisha Cook, President of New Rochelle Chapter of NAACP.

“Dr. Hazel N. Dukes blazed many trails in her iconic journey through life. She led with fierce focus and an unwavering dedication to equality for her community. As we say, she fought the good fight, all the way until her earthly end. Now we have her life’s work to use as a template and an angelic light amongst the ancestors to guide us. It’s because of her dedication and so many greats like her, that I am confident that we’ll take the baton, we’ve got it from here. Rest peacefully, thy good and faithful servant leader and soldier in our ongoing struggle.”James J. Henderson III (President, Port Chester-Rye NAACP)

“Our thoughts and prayers are with the family of Dr. Dukes and all who were impacted by her life and legacy. She will forever be remembered by the Officers, Members, and Friends of the Yonkers NAACP Unit #2188. May she rest in eternal peace,” Kisha D. Skipper, Yonkers NAACP

“We are truly losing our giants in this realm. I will never forget attending my first Mid-Year Conference as a new Eastern Star and hearing Dr. Hazel Dukes speak. She passionately challenged the audience to support the NAACP, driving home the point that whenever Black people face injustice, the NAACP is always there. This was in the wake of Trayvon Martin’s murder, and I remember sitting in that audience feeling like I had to do more than just purchase a membership—she ignited something in me. That spark led to the reactivation of the Ossining NAACP. It was the moment I could truly say I am an activist. Dr. Dukes lit a fire under me, just as she has done for so many others. Queen Mother, Ancestor Dr. Hazel Dukes—Rest in Power. The struggle continues… It took me a minute to understand that line when I first stepped into this work, but it didn’t take long to overstand exactly what she meant. Deepest Condolences,” Diana E. Lemon, Past President, NAACP Branch 2169-B, Ossining, New York, shared on Facebook.

“Today we lost Dr. Hazel N. Dukes, President of the NYS NAACP Conference. She was my Boss and mentor when I served as the Branch President of the COOP City NAACP Branch. Dr Dukes was our reach-out-and-touch leader who took time to teach, direct, and love during challenging times in Civil Rights. I’ve learned so much while serving as a Branch President. We Lost a Giant in Civil Rights, Jerome L. Rice, Past Branch President at N.A.A.C.P CO-OP City 2210.

Stay tuned for further updates as more reactions from local branches come in. Also, look out for an upcoming post with members of the community celebrating the life and legacy of Dr. Dukes. If you would like to share a BRIEF quote, comment, or memory as well, and any pics of you and Dr. Dukes, please send them to BlackWestchesterMag@gmail.com with Dr. Hazel Dukes in the subject over the next few days. Thank you. Feel free to leave feedback in the comment section below as well.

6 Ways for Busy People to Stay Healthy   

In today’s fast-paced world, staying healthy often feels like a luxury reserved for those with time to spare. Between long work hours, family responsibilities, and financial pressures, many people—especially Black Americans—struggle to make health a priority. However, good health isn’t about having extra time; it’s about making intentional choices.  

For Black Americans, the stakes are even higher. Racial health disparities result in higher rates of chronic diseases like hypertension, diabetes, and heart disease. Systemic barriers—including food deserts, unequal access to healthcare, and chronic stress from racism—make it difficult to maintain wellness. Nonetheless, we can safeguard our health despite these obstacles by taking charge of our daily habits. 

Here are six ways to maintain health even with a busy schedule while addressing the unique health concerns of Black communities.  

1. Prioritize Nutrient-Dense, Culturally Inclusive Foods  

Many Black Americans live in food deserts—areas with limited access to fresh, healthy foods. As a result, fast food and highly processed meals become the default, contributing to chronic health issues. However, eating well doesn’t have to be complicated or expensive.  

Instead of cutting out familiar cultural foods, focus on healthier preparations:  

  • Opt for grilled or baked fish instead of fried options.  
  • Use heart-healthy oils like olive or avocado instead of lard or vegetable oil.  
  • Incorporate nutrient-rich greens like collards, mustard, and kale in meals.  
  • Cook with flavorful, natural seasonings like garlic, turmeric, and ginger to reduce reliance on salt.  

By reclaiming ancestral food traditions—many of which are rooted in whole, unprocessed ingredients—we can nourish our bodies while celebrating our heritage.  

2. Move Your Body in Ways That Fit Your Life

Black Americans face elevated rates of obesity and hypertension, partly because of sedentary lifestyles. However, staying active doesn’t need a gym membership or hours of free time.  

Try these simple ways to incorporate movement:  

  • Take a brisk walk during lunch breaks.  
  • Turn on music and dance while cooking or cleaning.  
  • Do bodyweight exercises, such as squats and push-ups, while watching TV.  
  • Join a virtual yoga or stretching class to relieve stress.  

Exercise isn’t just about weight loss—it’s about keeping the heart strong, managing stress, and reducing the risk of chronic illness.  

3. Manage Stress with Mindfulness and Rest  

Black Americans often face chronic stress stemming from systemic racism, workplace discrimination, and economic hardship. This stress contributes to elevated rates of hypertension and mental health issues. Mindfulness practices can aid in alleviating these effects. 

Ways to incorporate mindfulness into your day:  

  • Take five deep breaths before starting work.  
  • Spend a few minutes in gratitude or prayer.  
  • Try a guided meditation or listen to calming music before bed.  
  • Journal your thoughts to release mental tension.  

Rest is also crucial—yet Black Americans often suffer from poor sleep due to stress, shift work, or responsibilities. Making sleep a priority by setting a bedtime routine and reducing screen time before bed can improve overall health.  

4. Stay Hydrated for Energy and Focus 

Dehydration is a silent issue that impacts brain function, mood, and overall health. Many sugary beverages, such as sodas and sweet teas, contribute to obesity and diabetes in Black communities.  

Healthier ways to stay hydrated:  

  • Carry a reusable water bottle everywhere.  
  • Infuse water with lemon, cucumber, or mint for flavor.  
  • Swap soda for herbal teas like hibiscus, which may help lower blood pressure.  
  • Prioritizing hydration supports clearer thinking, better digestion, and overall wellness.  

5. Advocate for Your Own Healthcare  

Black Americans experience racial disparities in healthcare, including misdiagnosed conditions and inadequate treatment. Research indicates that Black patients are less likely to receive proper pain management and are often overlooked by healthcare professionals. This is why it’s essential to advocate for yourself in medical settings.  

Here’s how:  

  • Keep a record of your symptoms and medical history.  
  • Seek out Black or culturally competent healthcare providers when possible.  
  • Ask questions and demand clear explanations from doctors.  
  •  Stay on top of preventive care, such as blood pressure checks and screenings.  

Healthcare should not be a privilege—it’s a right. But until systemic changes occur, being proactive about personal care is essential.  

6. Set Boundaries to Protect Your Mental and Physical Health  

Many Black Americans, particularly Black women, bear the burden of community, family, and work obligations. The expectation to be “strong” frequently results in burnout, anxiety, and a lack of self-care. Establishing boundaries is a crucial act of self-preservation.  

How to establish boundaries: 

  • Say no to commitments that drain your energy.  
  • Schedule time for self-care, even if it is just ten minutes of quiet time.  
  • Limit social media consumption, especially content that increases stress.  
  • Seek therapy or support groups for mental wellness.  

Taking care of yourself is not selfish—it is necessary for long-term health and happiness.  

Our Health is Our Power

Health disparities in Black communities are profound, but they do not have to define our future. By making small, deliberate changes—such as eating nutritious foods, being more physically active, managing stress, staying hydrated, advocating for our health, and setting boundaries—we can take back control of our wellness.  

Good health isn’t just about personal choices; it also requires addressing cycles of neglect and misinformation that have impacted Black communities for generations. By caring for ourselves, we lay the groundwork for future generations to thrive.  

No matter how busy life becomes, remember that your health is your strength. Guard it.  

Disclaimer 

This article is for informational purposes only and is not intended to replace professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult your physician or a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you may have about a medical condition.

This Day In Black History – Rebecca Lee Crumpler Became First African American Woman To Earn A Medical Degree

As the calendar pages turn from what we are told is Black History Month we feel it is important to continue to celebrate Black History. Especially with all the efforts to whitewash and even downright erase our history, Black Westchester is committed to continuing to document and celebrate because not only is African American History, American History, but it is to be celebrated 365 days a year.

Kicking things off, March 1 is a significant day in Black history for multiple reasons, including the graduation of Rebecca Lee Crumpler, the first Black woman to earn a medical degree, the enrollment of African Americans in Visalia, California public schools, and much much more!

Rebecca Lee Crumpler graduates 

  • On March 1, 1864, Rebecca Lee Crumpler became the first African American woman to earn a medical degree. She graduated from the New England Female Medical College in Boston.
  • She practiced community medicine in Boston and treated formerly enslaved refugees after the Civil War.
  • She wrote one of the first medical manuals by an African American doctor in the United States.

Rebecca Lee Crumpler became the first African American woman to earn a medical degree. For much of her career, she practiced community medicine in Boston, but in the aftermath of the Civil War, she traveled south to treat thousands of formerly enslaved refugees. Crumpler wrote one of the first medical manuals by an African American doctor in the United States—and by a woman.

Rebecca Lee Crumpler was born Rebecca Davis in 1831 in Christiana, Delaware. She spent her formative years living in Philadelphia with her aunt, a respected community healer. After moving to Massachusetts and practicing nursing for several years, Rebecca Davis, now Rebecca Lee, applied to the New England Female Medical College in Boston, the first women’s medical school in the nation. The college admitted her in 1860 based on her nursing experience and strong recommendations from doctors familiar with her work. She graduated in 1864 as a “Doctress of Medicine.”

During her time in Boston, Rebecca Lee provided medical care to the residents of her neighborhood on the north slope of Beacon Hill. It was Boston’s largest Black community, home to Underground Railroad safe houses and antislavery organizing. Rebecca Lee’s first husband, Wyatt Lee, died in 1863 from tuberculosis. In 1865, she married Arthur Crumpler, who, like Lee, had escaped slavery in the American South.

After graduating from medical school, Rebecca Lee Crumpler set out for Richmond, Virginia, to provide care for newly free Black people displaced by the ongoing civil war. She responded to a call for doctors from the Freedman’s Bureau, established to aid the masses of newly emancipated people at the end of the Civil War. Crumpler faced discrimination from fellow medical professionals as both a woman and an African American. Nonetheless, as she wrote in her book, she cared for “a very large number of the indigent” in a “population of over 30,000″—people living largely in tent camps without enough food, clothing or proper sanitation. She cared especially for Black women and children, who were otherwise largely denied medical care.

After serving in Richmond, Crumpler returned to Boston. She opened a clinic in her neighborhood where people could seek care “regardless of remuneration.” Based on her decades of experience treating women and children, Crumpler wrote a Book of Medical Discourses, published in 1883. Her book urges parents to be vigilant in caring for their children and emphasizes the importance of what doctors today consider the “social determinants of health.” Crumpler’s Book of Medical Discourses was among the first medical guidebooks published by a Black doctor in the United States.

Crumpler died in 1895, at the age of 64, near Boston. Her grave remained unmarked until 2020, when the Hyde Park Historical Society launched a fundraiser for a headstone. It now reads: “The community and the Commonwealth’s four medical schools honor Dr. Rebecca Crumpler for her ceaseless courage, pioneering achievements, and historic legacy as a physician, author, nurse, missionary, and advocate for health equity and social justice.”

African Americans enroll in Visalia public schools 

  • On March 1, 1890, African Americans were able to enroll in all public schools in Visalia, California.
  • Edmond Wysinger hired attorneys and filed a writ of mandate on behalf of his son, Arthur, who was denied admission to Visalia High School based on race.
  • The Supreme Court of California reversed the order and granted his admission into the school.

March 1, 1780—Pennsylvania becomes perhaps the first state to abolish slavery. There is some confusion about the effective dates of the laws passed during this period, which called for the gradual elimination of slavery. The honor of being the first state to ban slavery may actually go to Vermont.

March 1, 1875—Congress enacts the first Civil Rights Bill. It granted Blacks the right to equal treatment in inns, on public transportation, in theaters, and places of amusement. However, with the end of the progressive Reconstruction period, Jim Crow laws were passed throughout the South, which largely ignored the Civil Rights Bill. African Americans did not regain most of the rights granted in 1875 until the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s.

March 1, 1892 – Ms. Anna M. Mangin invents the pastry fork

March 1, 1914 – “Invisible Man” Author Ralph Ellison is born. Ralph Ellison was a scholar and writer. He was born Ralph Waldo Ellison in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, and was named by his father after Ralph Waldo Emerson. Ellison was best known for his novel Invisible Man, which won the National Book Award in 1953. He also wrote Shadow and Act (1964), a collection of political, social, and critical essays, and Going to the Territory (1986). For The New York Times, the best of these essays, in addition to the novel, put him “among the gods of America’s literary Parnassus.” A posthumous novel, Juneteenth, was published after being assembled from voluminous notes he left after his death.

March 1, 1927—Actor, Humanitarian, Entertainer, and Political Activist Harry Belafonte is born Harold George Belafonte on this day in Harlem, N.Y., to Jamaican immigrant parents. Belafonte developed an early flair for entertainment, and in the post-World War II period, he became one of the most popular vocalists in America and made Calypso popular throughout the nation. In 1959, he became the first African American to win an Emmy. However, from the 1960s forward, he mixed his entertainment career with active participation in the Civil Rights Movement and other social causes. He has been a frequent critic of Republican conservatism and conservative Blacks. In 2002, he was accused of labeling Colin Powell and Condoleezza Rice “house niggers” for their support of President Bush’s right wing domestic and foreign policies.

March 1, 1949 – Joe Louis, known as ‘The Brown Bomber,’ retires from boxing as the undefeated heavyweight champion of the world. He held the title for 11 years and eight months, the longest reign in boxing history at the time. He is considered to be one of the greatest in boxing history and was ranked number one on Ring Magazine’s list of 100 greatest punchers of all time. Louis held the heavyweight title for over 106 months, more than anyone else before or after him, recording 25 successful defenses of the title. In 2005, Louis was named the greatest heavyweight of all time by the International Boxing Research Organization.

March 1, 1960—From the 1st to the 30th, one thousand Alabama State students marched on the state capitol and held a protest meeting.

March 1, 1963—Air Force Captain Edward J. Dwight Jr. was named to fourth class of aerospace research pilots at Edwards Air Base and became the first Black astronaut candidate.

March 1, 1966 – Journalist Don Lemon is born. He is best known for being a host on CNN from 2014 until 2023 for Don Lemon Tonight (formerly CNN Tonight with Don Lemon) and now the Don Lemon Show Podcast. He has received numerous awards for his special news coverage, including three regional Emmy Awards. In 2002, Lemon was honored with an Edward R. Murrow award for his coverage of the capture of the Washington D.C. area sniper.. He anchored weekend news programs on local television stations in Alabama and Pennsylvania during his early days as a journalist.

March 1, 1967—On this day in Black history, the U.S. House of Representatives expelled flamboyant and outspoken Black New York Rep. Adam Clayton Powell Jr. from Congress for allegedly misappropriating funds. However, in June 1969, the U.S. Supreme Court declared the expulsion unconstitutional, and Powell returned to Congress, but without his seniority. He lost his seat to current Representative Charles Rangel in 1970, and Powell died on April 4, 1972. During his most powerful years in Congress, Powell headed the House Labor and Education Committee and used his powers to help pass a wide range of civil rights and progressive social legislation.

March 1, 1994 – Leonard S. Coleman, Jr. elected president of the National Baseball League.

Holistic Defense: The Best Natural Ways to Protect Yourself from Cold and Flu

As cold and flu season approaches, many turn to over-the-counter medications to combat symptoms. But what if we could prevent illness before it starts? The key to staying well isn’t found solely in pharmaceuticals; nature offers an abundance of remedies to bolster the immune system and keep viruses at bay.

Holistic health emphasizes a proactive approach, integrating nutrition, lifestyle practices, and natural remedies to support the body’s natural defenses. Here are the best holistic and natural ways to protect yourself from cold and flu this season.

1. Strengthen Your Immune System with Food

The foundation of any strong immune system is a nutrient-dense diet. Whole, unprocessed foods provide the essential vitamins and minerals needed to fight off infections.

  • Vitamin C Powerhouses – Citrus fruits, bell peppers, kiwi, and dark leafy greens can reduce the severity and duration of colds.
  • Zinc-Rich Foods – Pumpkin seeds, lentils, chickpeas, and nuts help fortify immunity.
  • Probiotic Foods – Gut health is closely linked to immunity; fermented foods like sauerkraut, kimchi, yogurt, and kefir keep your gut microbiome balanced.
  • Bone Broth – A time-honored remedy, rich in collagen and amino acids, helps soothe the respiratory tract and supports immune function.

2. Herbal Allies for Prevention

Herbal medicine has been used for centuries to strengthen immunity and fight infections. Some of the best herbal remedies for preventing colds and flu include:

  • Elderberry – Packed with antioxidants, elderberry has been shown to reduce the duration of colds and flu by boosting immune function.
  • Echinacea – This powerful herb stimulates immune activity and is most effective when taken at the first sign of illness.
  • Ginger & Turmeric – Both have anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antiviral properties. Drinking fresh ginger tea with turmeric can help prevent infections.
  • Astragalus – A lesser-known adaptogenic herb that enhances immunity and helps the body resist stress-induced illness.

3. Optimize Vitamin D Levels

Vitamin D plays a critical role in immune defense. Studies suggest that people with adequate vitamin D levels are less likely to contract respiratory infections. Since sunlight exposure decreases in winter, consider supplementing with vitamin D3 and incorporating vitamin D-rich foods such as mushrooms, fatty fish, and fortified plant-based milks.

4. Prioritize Rest and Stress Reduction

Chronic stress weakens the immune system, making you more susceptible to illness. Incorporating mind-body practices can enhance resilience:

  • Quality Sleep – Aim for 7-9 hours of sleep per night, as sleep deprivation weakens immune function.
  • Mindfulness & Meditation – Reducing stress through deep breathing, yoga, or meditation can lower inflammation and improve immunity.
  • Adaptogenic Herbs – Herbs like ashwagandha and Rhodiola rosea help balance stress hormones and enhance the body’s ability to fight infections.

5. Nasal Hygiene and Respiratory Support

Viruses often enter through the nose and throat. Simple preventative measures can make a big difference:

  • Nasal Irrigation – Using a neti pot or saline spray can flush out viruses before they take hold.
  • Steam Therapy – Inhaling steam infused with eucalyptus or peppermint oil can clear congestion and soothe irritated airways.
  • Raw Honey – A natural antimicrobial, honey can coat the throat and help fend off infections.

6. Movement and Circulation

Regular movement enhances immune function by improving circulation and reducing inflammation.

  • Outdoor Walks – Fresh air and light exercise improve lung health and boost immunity.
  • Yoga – These ancient practices enhance the body’s energy flow, reduce stress, and improve overall well-being.
  • Dry Brushing – Stimulating the lymphatic system through dry brushing can help flush out toxins and enhance immune response.

7. Hydration and Herbal Teas

Staying well-hydrated is essential to keeping mucus membranes moist, which serves as the body’s first line of defense against viruses.

  • Warm Herbal Teas – Chamomile, peppermint, thyme, and licorice root teas can soothe the throat and provide immune-boosting benefits.
  • Infused Water – Adding lemon, ginger, and fresh mint to water enhances hydration and provides additional antiviral properties.

Final Thoughts

Protecting yourself from colds and flu naturally isn’t about quick fixes—it’s about cultivating a lifestyle that supports long-term immune health. By integrating whole foods, herbal medicine, stress reduction, and mindful movement into your daily routine, you can strengthen your body’s natural defenses and stay healthy throughout the season.

Instead of fearing the next wave of illness, empower yourself with nature’s wisdom. Prevention is the best medicine, and holistic health offers a pathway to resilience, vitality, and well-being.

Disclaimer

This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Natural remedies and holistic approaches can support immunity, but they are not a substitute for professional medical care. If you are experiencing severe symptoms, have a chronic health condition, or are considering new supplements or herbal treatments, consult with a healthcare professional before making any changes to your wellness routine.

Federal Government Employees Who Lost Jobs, Learn How To Transition To State, County Or Local Employment

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Hundreds of thousands of people could have been affected by the directives from the Trump administration, according to data from OPM, although the exact number of people who were terminated was not immediately clear. While there has been much coverage and complaints about Trump’s mass firing of federal employees, one local library is working to help those who lost their jobs transition while this plays out in the courts.

Are you a federal government employee who just lost your job? Are you out of work and looking for a career in public service? The Greenburgh Library is sponsoring a forum on how to apply, prepare, and succeed in finding government jobs at the state, county, or local level. An opportunity to transition from federal jobs to NYS government jobs.

“I am very grateful to the library for organizing this important program- the first in a series of initiatives to help people learn how to get government jobs at the local, county, or state levels,” Greenburgh Town Supervisor Paul Feiner shared.

Greenburgh Public Library [Black Westchester]

The program will be held on Thursday, March 6th, at 10 AM, in the Multipurpose Room at Greenburgh Public Library, located at 300 Tarrytown Road in Elmsford.

This in-person session, led by a Westchester County Human Resources Department representative, will walk attendees through the civil service application process, exam registration, and key preparation strategies. It’s an excellent opportunity for those looking to launch or advance a career in local government. Attendees are encouraged to bring their resumes—especially if they’re ready to explore job opportunities!

Registration is required. You can register by clicking here or scanning the QR code below

Mount Vernon Native Sentenced To 11 Years In Prison For Orchestrating $7.6 Million COVID-19 Fraud Scheme

Jacob Carter Personally Received Over $1.7 Million in Kickbacks for Obtaining U.S. Small Business Administration Economic Injury Disaster Loans for Over 1,000 Applicants

Matthew Podolsky, the Acting United States Attorney for the Southern District of New York, announced that Mount Vernon native Jacob Carter, who led a scheme to defraud the U.S. Small Business Administration (“SBA”) of more than $7.6 million, was sentenced by U.S. District Judge Nelson S. Román to 11 years in prison.  CARTER and co-defendants Quadri Salahuddin and Anwar Salahuddin were convicted at trial on February 9, 2024, for conspiracy to commit wire fraud, wire fraud, and aggravated identity theft.

Acting U.S. Attorney Matthew Podolsky said: “Jacob Carter took advantage of a taxpayer-funded program intended to help small businesses in desperate need during the COVID-19 pandemic.  Some small businesses that were eligible for and deserving of this money did not get it because funds ran out.  Carter used his ill-gotten gains for far more selfish pursuits, including expensive jewelry and a Lamborghini.  Thanks to the work of our law enforcement partners at the FBI and the career prosecutors of this Office, Carter has now received just punishment.”

According to the Indictment, public filings, public court proceedings and filings, and the evidence presented at trial and in connection with sentencing:

The SBA is a federal executive branch agency that administers assistance to American small businesses. This assistance includes making direct loans to applicants through the Economic Injury Disaster Loan (“EIDL”) Program.  In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, Congress expanded SBA’s EIDL Program to provide small businesses with low-interest loans of up to $2 million before in or about May 2020 and up to $150,000 beginning in or about May 2020, to provide vital economic support to help overcome the loss of revenue small businesses are experiencing due to COVID-19.  Applicants seeking a loan under the EIDL program were also now permitted to request and receive an advance of approximately $1,000 per employee for an amount up to $10,000, which the SBA has generally provided while the loan application was pending.

From March through July 2020, CARTER and co-defendants Quadri Salahuddin, Anwar Salahuddin, and Crystal Ransom, used the identities of more than 1,000 other individuals (the “Applicants”) to submit more than 1,000 online applications to the SBA, seeking over $10 million of funds through the SBA’s EIDL Program (the “EIDL Applications”). In connection with the EIDL Applications, CARTER, Quadri Salahuddin, Anwar Salahuddin, and Ransom falsely represented to the SBA that the Applicants were the owners of businesses with 10 or more employees.  However, that was a lie – the individuals did not own businesses or employ people.  Based on the fraudulent EIDL Applications, the SBA made advance payments of more than $7.6 million to the Applicants, who then kicked back a portion of the advance payments to CARTER, Quadri Salahuddin, Anwar Salahuddin, and Ransom. After the defendants had collected millions of dollars in kickback payments, CARTER took photographs of his stacks of cash, purchased expensive jewelry, and leased a Lamborghini.

In addition to the prison term, CARTER, 39, of Capitol Heights, Maryland, was sentenced to three years of supervised release.  CARTER was also ordered to pay restitution in the amount of $7,737,000 to the SBA and forfeiture in the amount of $1,720,950.

Ransom pled guilty to conspiracy to commit wire fraud and was sentenced on April 24, 2024, to two years in prison to be followed by three years of supervised release with the first six months under home confinement. The Court also ordered that Ransom pay restitution in the amount of $7,577,000 to the SBA and forfeiture in the amount of $99,000. Quadri Salahuddin and Anwar Salahuddin are scheduled to be sentenced on March 26, 2025.

Mr. Podolsky praised the outstanding work of the Federal Bureau of Investigation and the Air Force Office of Special Investigations.

The case is being handled by the Office’s White Plains Division. Assistant U.S. Attorneys Jeffrey C. Coffman, Courtney L. Heavey, and Jared D. Hoffman are in charge of the prosecution.

No, You’re Not Losing Medicare, Medicaid, or Social Security—Here’s the Truth  

As a news organization, we have a responsibility to adhere to the facts. In my personal life, I’ve always believed that we have the technology and resources to uncover the truth about anything. Yet, misinformation continues to spread, and too often, people accept opinions as facts without verifying them for themselves. This is precisely why mainstream media is losing viewers—because instead of presenting facts, some outlets promote fear-driven narratives that lack credibility. We have the opportunity to fact-check false rhetoric, which I’m doing here today.  

I developed a strong interest in this issue because, for many Black seniors, programs like Medicare, Medicaid, and Social Security are essential for their survival. These programs are not merely policy talking points; they represent a lifeline. Exploiting their fears for political gain is not leadership—it’s manipulation. Instilling fear in Black seniors does not foster change, and instilling fear in Black people overall is not a way to create change.  

We’ve witnessed this repeatedly—fear-driven narratives employed to control, distract, and divide. It’s no different from certain Black leaders promoting DEI (Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion) initiatives while Black individuals continue to be the last to reap any benefits. It’s no different from Black entertainers and leaders who are compensated to push a narrative that only serves to pull our community deeper into confusion. It’s time to stop allowing them to lead us down the rabbit hole of fear and misinformation.  

Medicare is Not Being Cut 

The latest budget proposal, H. Con. Res. 14 does not eliminate Medicare. In fact, Medicare funding increases year over year under the plan. The bill focuses on cost reduction measures, such as adjusting reimbursement rates for healthcare providers and implementing efficiencies to sustain the program.

Similar Medicare adjustments have occurred under both Republican and Democratic administrations. In the 1980s, President Ronald Reagan introduced the Medicare prospective payment system to control hospital costs. The Balanced Budget Act of 1997, signed by President Bill Clinton, included Medicare reductions and the introduction of Medicare+Choice. Under President George W. Bush, Medicare Part D was established in 2003 to provide prescription drug coverage while incorporating cost-sharing measures.

The healthcare reforms introduced under President Obama’s Affordable Care Act (ACA) of 2010 share similarities with some of the cost-cutting measures outlined in the current budget proposal, H. Con. Res. 14. A key focus of the ACA was reducing Medicare expenditures through adjustments to provider reimbursements and the promotion of value-based care, which rewarded healthcare providers for efficiency and improved patient outcomes rather than the volume of services rendered. These measures aimed to curb unnecessary spending while maintaining or enhancing the quality of care.

Similarly, the current budget proposal in H. Con. Res. 14. emphasizes cost reduction strategies for Medicare, including potential adjustments to provider payments and administrative efficiencies to ensure the program’s long-term sustainability without cutting core benefits.

Both the ACA and H. Con. Res. 14 also highlights efforts to reduce fraud and increase transparency in healthcare spending. Under the ACA, the federal government implemented stricter oversight of Medicare billing and fraud prevention initiatives to prevent wasteful expenditures. Likewise, the current budget proposal directs agencies to identify inefficiencies and implement policies that protect taxpayer dollars while ensuring Medicare funds are allocated effectively. The Trump administration also expanded upon these principles by introducing pricing transparency rules, requiring hospitals and insurers to disclose costs upfront, which aligns with the broader goal of fiscal responsibility in healthcare. While the political approaches to healthcare reform differ, the ACA and the current budget proposal are committed to making Medicare more efficient without directly cutting benefits for seniors.

Medicaid Faces Adjustments, Not Elimination  

Medicaid, on the other hand, may undergo potential adjustments. The budget proposal calls for $2 trillion in mandatory spending cuts but does not explicitly target Medicaid for direct reductions. Instead, any changes would likely focus on eligibility requirements, reimbursement rates, or fraud prevention. Historically, efforts to decrease Medicaid spending have concentrated on improving efficiency rather than reducing coverage. While staying informed is crucial, claims that millions will suddenly lose Medicaid benefits are exaggerated.  

Social Security Remains Untouched  

Social Security is not being eliminated either. It is funded separately through payroll taxes (FICA), which means Congress cannot simply “cut” Social Security overnight. While the program does face long-term funding challenges, these challenges existed long before this budget. Any significant changes—such as raising the retirement age or adjusting cost-of-living increases—would require separate legislation and bipartisan agreement. If you hear that Social Security is being slashed, ask yourself: where in the bill does it say that? The answer: it doesn’t. 

The Speaker’s Response to Medicaid Concerns  

The Speaker of the House, Mike Johnson, refuted Democratic claims that the GOP’s budget plan would slash Medicaid benefits, asserting that the proposed cuts would strictly target inefficiencies rather than impact needy recipients. “The White House has made a commitment, and we have made the same commitment, that we will not touch Social Security, Medicare, or Medicaid,” Johnson reiterated.  

Johnson also highlighted the necessity of work requirements for able-bodied Medicaid recipients. “Public opinion polls show that nearly 90% support the idea that Medicaid should be for those who truly need it—not for 29-year-old men lounging on their couches playing video games,” he stated.  

Why the Fear?  

Fear sells. Misinformation about these programs spreads rapidly, especially on social media, where sensational headlines drive engagement. Politicians from both sides utilize these claims to garner support or attack their opponents. However, fear-mongering benefits no one and contributes to real stress and anxiety for those reliant on these programs. While budget discussions deserve careful analysis, we must prioritize facts over hysteria.  

But we also need to start holding Black leaders accountable. Too many high-profile figures—whether in politics, media, or entertainment—are being paid to promote narratives that do nothing to uplift us. They use fear to keep us emotionally invested, dependent, distracted, and divided. Meanwhile, the policies and programs they claim to fight for often leave us last in line for benefits.   

What Can You Do?  

If you’re worried about these programs, staying informed is the best thing you can do. Read the legislative text, not just the headlines, news commentary, or someone’s feelings. Many times, legislations are 60 to 100 pages or even more. You can also run it through AI for a summary of the document. Watch for political spin and engage in the discussion by contacting your representatives. Technology gives us access to the truth—we have to utilize it. The real conversation should focus on strengthening these programs for future generations rather than spreading fear about losing them overnight.

The next time someone says, “You’re losing your Medicare, Medicaid, and Social Security,” you can confidently respond, “That’s simply not true.”

I will challenge you, the reader, even more. I have attached the bill for you to research. You don’t have to take my word for it. Download it, run it through AI, and get a bill summary yourself. We have the tools to seek truth—let’s use them.

BILLS 119hconres14rh by damonkjones